On Kant’s Evaluations of Hume: A Marginal Note


DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12986617Keywords:
Hume, Kant, Reason, Necessary connection, Skepticism, Rational theologyAbstract
Kant's famous statement, "It was Hume who woke me up from my dogmatic sleep many years ago" was decisive in terms of both Kant's place in philosophy and the further recognition of Hume's teaching. Hume's acceptance as the pinnacle of Empiricism, and Kant's claim that he played a reconciling role between Empiricism and Rationalism, and on the other hand, comments that he weakened the Empiricism that dominated the 18th century by strengthening the foundations of Rationalism have always been on the agenda. In this article, Kant's findings, evaluations, criticisms and his influence on Hume's direction in philosophy, especially the statement whose essence is given in the first sentence, are discussed from various aspects. What Kant means by dogmatic sleep, in what sense he uses waking up from this sleep, how far he progressed on his new path and what conclusion he reached are examined. Kant's claim that Hume, who woke him up from his "dogmatic sleep", could not carry his correct determination about the cause to the end is another important issue discussed in this article. According to Kant, Hume reached a wrong conclusion by attributing the necessary connection between cause and effect to habit; Similarly, his words that Hume was weak in his criticisms of Deism are discussed here. In the article, the wrongness of excluding metaphysics through Empiricism in Hume's personality and Kant's determinations that there can be no philosophy without metaphysics are also scrutinized. Another important point of the article is that the inaccuracy of the skeptical attitude in the problems of existence, knowledge and value, which emerged when Hume reduced all philosophy to experience, was discussed within the framework of the problem of Rational Theology.
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